All about Blood Pressure

 Blood pressure is one of the most important indicators of your overall health, yet it’s often misunderstood or overlooked. Knowing what blood pressure is, how it affects your body, and what you can do to maintain healthy levels can make a big difference in your long-term well-being.

What Is Blood Pressure?

Blood pressure is the force of your blood pushing against the walls of your arteries as your heart pumps. It’s measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and recorded with two numbers — for example, 120/80 mmHg.

• The top number (systolic pressure) measures the pressure when your heart beats.

• The bottom number (diastolic pressure) measures the pressure when your heart rests between beats.

A normal blood pressure reading is generally around 120/80 mmHg. Readings consistently above 130/80 mmHg are considered high blood pressure (hypertension), while readings below 90/60 mmHg indicate low blood pressure (hypotension).

Why Blood Pressure Matters

Your blood pressure directly affects how hard your heart has to work. If it’s too high, your heart and arteries are under constant strain, which can lead to:

• Heart attack or stroke

• Kidney damage

• Vision problems

• Memory and cognitive decline

On the other hand, blood pressure that’s too low can cause dizziness, fainting, or even shock in severe cases.

Common Causes of High Blood Pressure

Several factors can lead to hypertension, including:

• Unhealthy diet: High salt intake and processed foods

• Lack of exercise: Sedentary lifestyle

• Stress: Chronic emotional stress increases heart strain

• Obesity: Extra body weight forces your heart to work harder

• Smoking and alcohol: Both can damage your arteries and raise pressure

• Genetics: Family history can play a big role

How to Maintain Healthy Blood Pressure

The good news is that you can manage your blood pressure naturally through lifestyle choices:

1. Eat heart-healthy foods – Choose fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and limit salt and sugar.

2. Stay active – Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise most days of the week.

3. Maintain a healthy weight – Losing even a few pounds can lower your blood pressure.

4. Manage stress – Practice relaxation techniques such as deep breathing, meditation, or yoga.

5. Limit alcohol and quit smoking – Both are major contributors to hypertension.

6. Monitor regularly – Check your blood pressure at home or during routine check-ups.

When to See a Doctor

If your blood pressure readings are consistently high or you experience symptoms like headaches, dizziness, or blurred vision, it’s important to consult your doctor. Early detection and management can prevent serious complications.